All National Monuments Designated Under the Antiquities Act
Published by the Natural Resources Defense Fund
Grand Staircase-Escalante
Bob Wick/BLM
The designation of a national monument is a recognition of the space’s contribution to America’s heritage, whether through its rich natural beauty or the role it’s played in our developing national story. Nearly every president since Theodore Roosevelt has made use of his Antiquities Act authority to create monuments. And together, they’ve woven a colorful fabric representing America. To remove any thread would be a travesty.
Barack Obama (2009 – 2017)
Birmingham Civil Rights
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2017
LOCATION: Alabama
FINAL ACREAGE: Nine-tenths of an acre
Freedom Riders
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2017
LOCATION: Alabama
FINAL ACREAGE: 6
Reconstruction Era
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2017
LOCATION: South Carolina
FINAL ACREAGE: 16
Mojave Trails
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.6 million
Sand to Snow
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 154,000
Castle Mountain
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 20,920
Belmont-Paul Women’s Equality
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: Washington, D.C.
FINAL ACREAGE: One-third of an acre
Stonewall
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: New York
FINAL ACREAGE: One-tenth of an acre
Katahdin Woods and Waters
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: Maine
FINAL ACREAGE: 87,563
Northeast Canyons and Seamounts
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: Massachusetts
FINAL AREA: 4,913 square miles
Bears Ears National
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.35 million
Honouliuli
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2015
LOCATION: Hawaii
FINAL ACREAGE: 123
Pullman
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2015
LOCATION: Illinois
FINAL ACREAGE: One-quarter acres
Browns Canyon
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2015
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 21,586
Berryessa Snow Mountain
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2015
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 330,780
Waco Mammoth
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2015
LOCATION: Texas
FINAL ACREAGE: 7.11
Basin and Range
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2015
LOCATION: Nevada
FINAL ACREAGE: 704,000
Organ Mountains-Desert Peaks
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2014
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 496,330
San Gabriel Mountains
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2014
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 346,177
San Juan Islands
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2013
LOCATION: Washington
FINAL ACREAGE: 970
Rio Grande del Norte
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2013
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 242,555
Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2013
LOCATION: Maryland
FINAL ACREAGE: 11,750
480 acres were redesignated a National Historic Park
First State
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2013
LOCATION: Delaware
FINAL ACREAGE: 1,108
Redesignated as a National Historic Park
Charles Young Buffalo Soldiers
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2013
LOCATION: Ohio
FINAL ACREAGE: 5,965
Fort Ord
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2012
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 14,651
Chimney Rock
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2012
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 4,726
Ceasar Chavez
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2012
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 10.5
Fort Monroe
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2011
LOCATION: Virginia
FINAL ACREAGE: 325.21
George W. Bush (2001 – 2009)
Rose Atoll
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2009
LOCATION: American Samoa
FINAL AREA: 13,451 square miles
Pacific Remote Islands
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2009
LOCATION: Hawaii
FINAL AREA: 495,189 square miles
Marianas Trench
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2009
LOCATION: Northern Mariana Islands and Guam
FINAL AREA: 95,216 square miles
WWII Valor in the Pacific
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2008
LOCATION: Hawaii
FINAL AREA: 6,310 square miles
African Burial Ground
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2006
LOCATION: New York
FINAL ACREAGE: One-third acre
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2006
LOCATION: Hawaii
FINAL AREA: 582,781 square miles
Renamed Papahanamokuakea by G.W. Bush
William J. Clinton (1993 – 2001)
Carrizo Plain
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 204,107
Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 4,148
Minidoka Internment
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: Idaho
FINAL ACREAGE: 72.75
Pompeys Pillar
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: Montana
FINAL ACREAGE: 51
Sonoran Desert
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 486,149
Upper Missouri River Breaks
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: Montana
FINAL ACREAGE: 377,346
Virgin Islands Coral Reef
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: Virgin Islands
FINAL ACREAGE: 12,708
Governors Island
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: New York
FINAL ACREAGE: 22
Agua Fria
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 71,100
California Coastal
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 8,778
Grand Canyon-Parashant
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 1 million
Giant Sequoia
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 327,769
Canyons of the Ancients
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 164,000
Cascade-Siskiyou
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Oregon/California
FINAL ACREAGE: 100,000
Hanford Reach
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Washington
FINAL ACREAGE: 195,000
Ironwood Forest
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 128,917
President Lincoln and Soldier’s Home
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Washington, D.C.
FINAL ACREAGE: 2.3
Vermillion Cliffs
DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 293,000
Grand Staircase-Escalante
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1996
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.7 million
Jimmy Carter (1977 – 1981)
Admiralty Island
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.1 million
The majority of the acreage was designated as Wilderness under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Aniakchak
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 488,000
Redesignated as a National Marine Park under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Becharof
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.2 million
Redesignated as a Wildlife Refuge under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Bering Land Bridge
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 3.5 million
Redesignated as a National Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Cape Krusenstern
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 560,000
Denali
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 3.9 million
Redesignated as a National Park & Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Gates of the Arctic
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 8.2 million
Redesignated as a National Park & Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Kenai Fjords
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 570,000
Redesignated as a National Park under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Kobuk Valley
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.7 million
Redesignated as a National Park under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Lake Clark
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 2.5 million
Redesignated as a National Park & Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Misty Fjords
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 2.3 million
Noatak
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 5.9 million
Redesignated as a National Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Wrangell-St. Elias
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 11 million
Redesignated as a National Park & Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Yukon-Charley Rivers
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.7 million
Redesignated as a National Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Yukon Flats
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 10.6 million
Redesignated as a National Wildlife Refuge under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)
Lyndon B. Johnson (1963 – 1969)
Marble Canyon
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1969
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 32,546.69
Incorporated into Grand Canyon National Park
John F. Kennedy (1961 – 1963)
Russell Cave
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1961
LOCATION: Alabama
FINAL ACREAGE: 310.45
Buck Island Reef
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1961
LOCATION: Virgin Islands
FINAL ACREAGE: 18,135
Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953 – 1961)
Chesapeake & Ohio Canal
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1961
LOCATION: Maryland
FINAL ACREAGE: 5,264
Redesignated as a National Historic Park
Edison Laboratory
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1956
LOCATION: New Jersey
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.5
Redesignated as a National Historic Site
Harry S. Truman (1945 – 1953)
Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933 – 1945)
Jackson Hole
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1943
LOCATION: Wyoming
FINAL ACREAGE: 210,950
Redesignated Grand Teton National Park
Santa Rosa Island
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1939
LOCATION: Florida
FINAL ACREAGE: 4,800
Incorporated into Gulf Islands National Seashore
Tuzigoot
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1939
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 834
Channel Islands
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1938
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 27,038
Redesignated as a National Park
Fort Laramie
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1938
LOCATION: Wyoming
FINAL ACREAGE: 214
Redesignated as a National Historic Site
Zion “II” (Kolob Section)
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1937
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 49,150
Incorporated into Zion National Park
Organ Pipe Cactus
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1937
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 330,690
Capitol Reef
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1937
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 255,156
Redesignated as a National Park
Joshua Tree
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1936
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 825,340
Redesignated as a National Park
Fort Jefferson
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1935
LOCATION: Florida
FINAL ACREAGE: 47,125
Redesignated Dry Tortugas National Park
Cedar Breaks
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1933
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 5,701
Herbert Hoover (1929 – 1933)
White Sands
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1933
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 132,884.28
Death Valley
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1933
LOCATION: California/Nevada
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.2 million
Redesignated as a National Park
Saguaro
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1933
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 68,870
Redesignated as a National Park
Black Canyon of the Gunnison
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1933
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 12,678
Redesignated as a National Park
Grand Canyon “II”
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1932
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 344,999
Incorporated into Grand Canyon National Park
Great Sand Dunes
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1932
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 26,608
Redesignated as a National Park & Preserve
Sunset Crater
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1930
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 3,040
Renamed Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument
Arches
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1929
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 82,383
Redesignated as a National Park
Holy Cross
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1929
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 1,392
Incorporated into White River National Forest
Calvin Coolidge (1923 – 1929)
Meriwether Lewis
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1925
LOCATION: Tennessee
FINAL ACREAGE: 150
Included in Natchez Trace National Scenic Trail
Glacier Bay
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1925
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 2.8 million
Redesignated National Park and Preserve
Father Millet Cross
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1925
LOCATION: New York
FINAL ACREAGE: Less than one hundreth of an acre
Transferred to New York, now part of Old Fort Niagara State Park
Lava Beds
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1925
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 45,801.05
Chiricahua
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 10,062.12
Craters of the Moon
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: Idaho
FINAL ACREAGE: 715,433.8
Redesignated National Preserve
Fort Wood
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: New York
FINAL ACREAGE: 58.38
Renamed Statue of Liberty National Monument
Castle Pickney
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: South Carolina
FINAL ACREAGE: 3.5
Transferred to South Carolina
Fort Pulaski
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: Georgia
FINAL ACREAGE: 20.25
Fort Marion
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: Florida
FINAL ACREAGE: 18.51
Redesignated Castillo San Marcos National Monument
Fort Matanzas
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: Florida
FINAL ACREAGE: 298.42
Wupataki
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 35,813
Carlsbad Cave
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1923
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 719.22
Redesignated as a National Park
Warren G. Harding (1921 – 1923)
Aztec Ruin
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1923
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 25.34
Hovenweep
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1923
LOCATION: Utah/Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 446.8
Mound City Group
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1923
LOCATION: Ohio
FINAL ACREAGE: 57
Redesignated Hopewell Culture National Historic Park
Pipe Springs
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1923
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 40
Bryce Canyon
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1923
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 7,440
Redesignated as a National Park
Lehman Caves
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1922
LOCATION: Nevada
FINAL ACREAGE: 593.03
Incorporated into Great Basin National Park
Timpanogos Cave
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1922
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 250
Fossil Cycad
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1922
LOCATION: South Dakota
FINAL ACREAGE: 320
Woodrow Wilson (1913 – 1921)
Scotts Bluff
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1919
LOCATION: Nebraska
FINAL ACREAGE: 2,107.17
Yucca House
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1919
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 9.6
Casa Grande
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1918
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 480
Katamai
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1918
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 2.5 million
Redesignated National Park & Preserve
Verendrye
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1917
LOCATION: North Dakota
FINAL ACREAGE: 253.04
Transferred to North Dakota
Bandelier
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1916
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 37,780
Sieur de Monts
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1916
LOCATION: Maine
FINAL ACREAGE: 5000
Redesignated as Acadia National Park
Capulin Mountain
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1916
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 640.42
Redesignated Capulin Volcano National Monument
Old Kasaan
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1916
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 43
Dinosaur
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1915
LOCATION: Utah/Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 283,885
Walnut Canyon
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1915
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 1,873.6
Papago Saguaro
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1914
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 2,050.43
Transferred to Arizona
Cabrillo
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1913
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 137.1
William Howard Taft (1909 – 1913)
Colorado
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1911
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 13,792.06
Devil Postpile
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1911
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 798.46
Sitka
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1910
LOCATION: Alaksa
FINAL ACREAGE: 111.334
Redesignated as a National Historic Park
Rainbow Bridge
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1910
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 160
Big Hole Battlefield
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1910
LOCATION: Montana
FINAL ACREAGE: 200
Redesignated as a National Battlefield
Navajo
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1909
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 40
Oregon Caves
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1909
LOCATION: Oregon
FINAL ACREAGE: 473.8
Designated National Monument and Preserve by Congress
Mukuntu-weap/Zion
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1909
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 92,800
Redesignated Zion National Park
Shoshone Cavern
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1909
LOCATION: Wyoming
FINAL ACREAGE: 210
Transferred to Wyoming
Gran Quivera
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1909
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 400
Abolished by Congress in 1980 and redesignated as Salinas Pueblo Missions NM in 1988
Theodore Roosevelt (1901 – 1909)
Mount Olympus
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1909
LOCATION: Washington
FINAL ACREAGE: 325,120
Redesignated as a National Park
Muir Woods
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 934.931
Grand Canyon
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 808,120
Redesignated Grand Canyon National Park
Pinnacles
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 26,174.33
400 acres of the Monument designated Pinnacles National Parks
Jewel Cave
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: South Dakota
FINAL ACREAGE: 1,274.56
Natural Bridges
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 7,656
Lewis and Clark Cavern
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: Montana
FINAL ACREAGE: 160
Transferred to Montana, now a state park
Tumacacori
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 17.04
Redesignated as a National Historic Park
Wheeler
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 300
Chaco Canyon
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1907
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 32,152.53
Designated as a National Historic Park
Cinder Cone
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1907
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 5,120
Incorporated into Lassen Volcanic National Park
Gila Cliff Dwelings
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1907
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 533.25
Tonto
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1907
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 1120
Devils Tower
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1906
LOCATION: Wyoming
FINAL ACREAGE: 1,939.91
El Morro
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1906
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 400
Montezuma Castle
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1906
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 528.39
Petrified Forest
DESIGNATION YEAR: 1906
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 99,460.42
Designated as a National Park
Read the full article at: https://www.nrdc.org/experts/nrdc/all-national-monuments-designated-under-antiquities-act
